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平均值的假设检验  百分比的假设检验  两组独立样本平均值差别的显著性检验

两组相关（非独立）样本平均值差别的显著性检验  卡平方检验 方差分析、回归分析制图(操作界面：英文)
　

一组样本的描述性统计
(Basic Descriptive Statistics)

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• 在下面的框里输入一组样本的数值，数值之间用空格隔开，运行计算，
  Enter data with a space between each score; do NOT enter a space after the last datum.
• 结果如下：
  • 样本数 n=
  • 平均值 The mean =  
  • 中值 The median =  
  • 标准差 The standard deviation =
  • 方差 The variance =
  • 最大值与最小值 The Maximum value is ; the Minimum is 
  • 数值范围 The Range is Max - Min =
  • 偏度 Skewness (ave. third moment) is

   

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计算平均值的置信区间
Enter Data for Calculation of 95% Confidence Interval on a Sample Mean

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• 输入样本的平均值
  Enter sample value of the Mean =
  　
• 输入样本的标本差
  Enter sample value of the Standard Deviation =
• 输入样本量
  Enter the sample size n =

• 结果如下：
  Confidence Interval on the Population Mean

  When the sample mean = , the standard deviation =  and n= :

  • 平均值的上限
    the upper-limit of the 95% Confidence Interval on the population mean is 
  • 平均值的下限
    the lower-limit of the interval is

  　

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计算相关系数的置信区间
Enter Data for Calculation of 95% Confidence Interval on a Sample Correlation Coefficient

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• 输入样本的相关系数
  Enter sample value of r =
• 输入样本量
  Enter the sample size n =
• 结果如下：

  Confidence Interval for a Correlation

  给出一个相关系数和样本量
  Given a correlation coefficient of () for a sample size of (),
  置信区间的范围是
  the 95% Confidence Interval on the Population Correlation is from () to () .

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计算百分比的置信区间
Enter Data for Calculation of 95% Confidence Interval on a Proportion

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• 输入百分比，例如3%输入 .03
  Enter sample value of p =
  Please note: p must be a positive number between 0 and 1.00; no negative numbers are allowed; enter the decimal and two digits, e.g., .39
• 输入样本量
  Enter the sample size n =
• 结果如下：
  　

  Confidence Interval on the Population Proportion

  When p = () and n= ():

  • 百分比的上限
    the upper-limit of the 95% Confidence Interval on the population proportion is ().
  • 百分比的下限
    and the lower-limit of the interval is ().

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  The above confidence interval was calculated by the method due to Ghosh (1979) as presented in Glass & Hopkins (1996) Statistical Methods in Education & Psychology.

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平均值的假设检验
Hypothesis Testing of Means using the t-test

In the form below, you can enter the mean, standard deviation and sample size for your sample. Also you must enter a hypothesized value for the mean of the population that was sampled. When you click on the Submit button, the data will automatically be subjected to a t-test at the .05 level of significance.

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• 输入样本的平均值
  Enter sample value of the Mean =
• 输入平均值的预测值
  Enter the Hypothesized Value of the Mean =
• 输入样本的标准差
  Enter sample value of the Standard Deviation =
• 输入样本量
  Enter the sample size n =
• 结果如下：

  Hypothesis Testing of a Mean using the t-test

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  When the

  样本平均值 sample mean = ()
  　

  预测值 the hypothesized mean = ()
  　

  标准差 standard deviation = ()
  　

  样本量 sample size= ():

  观察到的t值 The observed t-value is ()

  Using the .05 level of significance, (Reject/Accept) the hypothesized value

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百分比的假设检验
Enter Data for Hypothesis Test of a Population Proportion

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• 输入百分比，例如3%输入 .03
  Enter sample value of p =
  Please note: p must be a positive number between 0 and 1.00; no negative numbers are allowed; enter the decimal and two digits, e.g., .39
• 输入样本量
  Enter the sample size n =
• 输入预测值
  Enter the Hypothesized value of the population proportion Pi =
• 结果如下：

  Hypothesis Test of the Population Proportion

  When p = () and n= (): and the Hypothesized value of the population proportion is (), then the difference between () and () is (not) significant at the .05 level; (Reject/Accept) the hypothesis..

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两组独立样本平均值差别的显著性检验
Enter Data for Testing the Significance of the Difference Between Two Independent Sample Means

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输入第一组样本的统计值
Group A Summary Statistics
• 第一组的平均值
  Enter sample value of the Group A: Mean =
• 第一组的标准差
  Enter sample value of the Group A: Standard Deviation =
• 第一组的样本量
  Enter the sample size for Group A: n =

输入第二组样本的统计值
Group B Summary Statistics
• 第二组的平均值
  Enter sample value of the Group B: Mean =
• 第二组的标准差
  Enter sample value of the Group B: Standard Deviation =
• 第二组的样本量
  Enter the sample size for Group B: n =
• 结果如下

  Results of the t-test

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  The difference(差别) between () and () with standard deviations of () and () based on sample sizes of () and (), respectively, is (not) significant(显著与不显著) at the .05 level. The value of the t-statistic for this test was ().

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两组相关（非独立）样本平均值差别的显著性检验
Hypothesis Testing of the Difference Between Two Dependent Means using the t-test

When two samples are "dependent" (correlated or linked), then each data point in one sample can be associated in some natural, nonarbitrary way with each data point in the second sample. For example, one of the most common applications of dependent samples is "pretest" vs. "posttest." A Male sample and a Female sample where each Male has one sister in the Female sample is another example.

To test the significance of the difference between two sample means when the samples are dependent, you must first calculate for each PAIR of scores the difference between the two scores. Then you must calculate the mean and standard deviation of these differences; then you can enter these summary statistics into the form below.

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• 输入差值的平均值
  Enter value of the Mean difference score =
• 输入差值的标准差
  Enter sample value of the Standard Deviation of difference scores =
• 输入差值的样本个数
  Enter the sample size n, the number of PAIRS of scores =

• 结果如下：

  Hypothesis Testing of the Difference Between Two Dependent Means using the t-test

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  When the

  sample mean difference = ()
  　

  standard deviation of the differences = ()
  　

  sample size= ():

  The observed t-value is ().

  Using the .05 level of significance, the two dependent means are (not) significantly different(显著与不显著).

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